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 990 Wheel Loader |
 938M Waste Handler Small Wheel Loader |
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Engine |
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| Engine Power - ISO 14396:2002 | 752 hp | 188 hp | - |
| Engine Model | Cat® C27 | Cat® C7.1 | - |
| Emissions | Option 2 - Emits equivalent to U.S. EPA Tier 2 | The Cat C7.1 engine meets U.S. EPA Tier 4 Final/EU Stage V and Korea Tier 4 Final emission standards. | - |
| Rated Speed | 1800 r/min | - | - |
| Gross Power - SAE J1995:2014 | 766 hp | - | - |
| Net Power - SAE J1349:2011 - Standard Ambient | 699 hp | - | - |
| Net Power - SAE J1349:2011 - High Ambient | 648 hp | - | - |
| Bore | 5.4 in | 4 in | - |
| Stroke | 6 in | 5 in | - |
| Displacement | 1649.5 in³ | 427 in³ | - |
| Peak Torque - 1,200 rpm | 2624 lb/ft | - | - |
| Torque Rise | 18 % | - | - |
| Note | Net power advertised is the power available at the flywheel when the engine is equipped with fan at minimum speed, air intake sytstem, exhaust system, and alternator. | - | - |
| Maximum Gross Power | - | 188 hp | - |
| Maximum Gross Power - Maximum Engine Speed (Performance Power Mode: Range 1-4) | - | 1800 r/min | - |
| Note (2) | - | Net power ratings are tested at the reference conditions for the specified standard and denote power available at the flywheel when the engine is equipped with alternator, air cleaner, emission components and fan at specified speed. | - |
| Maximum Net Torque - SAE J1349 (Performance [HP+] Power Mode: Range 1-4) | - | 649 ft·lbf | - |
| Maximum Gross Torque - ISO 14396 (Performance Power Mode: Range 1-4) | - | 664 ft·lbf | - |
| Maximum Gross Power - Maximum Engine Speed (Standard Power Mode: Range 1-3*) | - | 1600 r/min | - |
| Maximum Gross Power - ISO 14396 (Standard Power Mode: Range 1-3*) | - | 173 hp | - |
| Maximum Gross Torque - ISO 14396 (Standard Power Mode: Range 1-3*) | - | 642 ft·lbf | - |
| Maximum Net Torque - SAE J1349 (Standard Power Mode: Range 1-3*) | - | 627 ft·lbf | - |
| Note (3) | - | No derating required up to 3000 m (10,000 ft) altitude. Auto derate protects hydraulic and transmission systems. | - |
| Maximum Gross Power - ISO 14396 (Performance Power Mode: Range 1-4) | - | 188 hp | - |
| Note (1) | - | *Range 4 power and torque is equal to Performance Mode with Caterpillar Power by Range technology. | - |
| Maximum Net Torque - ISO 9249:2007 (Performance Power Mode: Range 1-4) | - | 650 ft·lbf | - |
| Maximum Net Torque - ISO 9249:2007 (Standard Power Mode: Range 1-3*) | - | 628 ft·lbf | - |
| Net Power - ISO 9249 (metric) at Minimum Fan Speed (Performance Power Mode: Range 1-4) | - | 186 hp | - |
| Engine Power - ISO 14396 - Metric | - | 190 hp | - |
| Maximum Gross Power - ISO 14396 (metric) (Performance Power Mode: Range 1-4) | - | 190 hp | - |
| Net Power - ISO 9249 at Minimum Fan Speed (Performance Power Mode: Range 1-4) | - | 184 hp | - |
| Net Power - SAE J1349 at Minimum Fan Speed (Performance Power Mode: Range 1-4) | - | 183 hp | - |
| Net Power (Standard Power Mode: Range 1-3*) | - | 1600 r/min | - |
| Net Power (Performance Power Mode: Range 1-4) | - | 1800 r/min | - |
| Maximum Gross Power - ISO 14396 (metric) (Standard Power Mode: Range 1-3*) | - | 176 hp | - |
| Net Power - ISO 9249 at Minimum Fan Speed (Standard Power Mode: Range 1-3*) | - | 170 hp | - |
| Net Power - SAE J1349 at Minimum Fan Speed (Standard Power Mode: Range 1-3*) | - | 170 hp | - |
| Net Power - ISO 9249 (metric) at Minimum Fan Speed (Standard Power Mode: Range 1-3*) | - | 172 hp | - |
Operating Specifications |
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| Operating Weight - Standard | 178517 lb | - | - |
| Bucket Capacity Range | 8.6 m³ – 10.0 m³ (11.25 yd³ – 13.0 yd³) | - | - |
| Rated Payload - Standard | 17.5 ton (US) | - | - |
| Rated Payload - High Lift | 17.5 ton (US) | - | - |
| Cat Truck Match - Standard | 773-775 | - | - |
| Cat Truck Match - High Lift | 775-777 | - | - |
| Note (1) | - | **Dimensions listed are for a machine configured with optional counterweights, waste guarding, 80 kg (176 lb) operator, and Michelin 20.5 R25 XMINE D2 tires. | - |
| Full Turn Tip Load (1) | - | 9795 kg (21,594 lb)** | - |
| Note (2) | - | ^Dimensions listed are for a machine configured with standard counterweights, waste guarding, rear waste gate, 80 kg (176 lb) operator, and new solid tires. | - |
| Full Turn Tip Load (2) | - | 10 741 kg (23,679 lb)^ | - |
Transmission |
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| Transmission Type | Cat planetary power shift | - | - |
| Forward - 1 | 4.6 mile/h | - | - |
| Forward - 2 | 8.2 mile/h | - | - |
| Forward - 3 | 14.5 mile/h | - | - |
| Reverse - 1 | 5.1 mile/h | - | - |
| Reverse - 2 | 9.1 mile/h | - | - |
| Reverse - 3 | 16 mile/h | - | - |
| Direct Drive - Forward 1 | Lock-up disabled | - | - |
| Direct Drive - Forward 2 | 8.2 mile/h | - | - |
| Direct Drive - Forward 3 | 14.5 mile/h | - | - |
| Direct Drive - Reverse 1 | 5.1 mile/h | - | - |
| Direct Drive - Reverse 2 | 9.1 mile/h | - | - |
| Direct Drive - Reverse 3 | 16 mile/h | - | - |
| Note | Travel speeds based on Michelin 45/65R39 LD D2**L5 tires. | *Creeper control allows maximum speed range adjustability from 1 km/h (0.6 mph) to 13 km/h (8 mph) in Range 1 through the touch screen display when equipped. Factory default is 7 km/h (4.4 mph). | - |
| Forward and Reverse - Range 2 | - | 8 mile/h | - |
| Forward and Reverse - Range 4 | - | 25 mile/h | - |
| Forward and Reverse - Range 3 | - | 17 mile/h | - |
| Forward and Reverse - Range 1* | - | 1-13 km/h (0.6-8 mph) | - |
Hydraulic System - Lift/Tilt |
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| Lift/Tilt System - Circuit | Positive flow control | - | - |
| Lift/Tilt System | Variable displacement piston | - | - |
| Maximum Flow at 1,800 rpm | 240 gal/min | - | - |
| Relief Valve Setting - Lift/Tilt | 4786 psi | - | - |
| Cylinders, Double Acting - Lift, Bore and Stroke | 235 mm × 1287 mm (9.3 in × 50.7 in) | - | - |
| Cylinders, Double Acting - Tilt, Bore and Stroke | 292.1 mm × 820 mm (11.5 in × 32.3 in) | - | - |
| Pilot System | Open loop and pressure reducing | - | - |
| Pilot Relief Setting | 507 psi | - | - |
Hydraulic Cycle Times |
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| Rack Back | 4.3 s | - | - |
| Raise | 8.6 s | - | - |
| Dump | 2.9 s | - | - |
| Lower | 3.7 s | - | - |
| Lower Float Down | 3.7 s | - | - |
| Total Hydraulic Cycle Time - Empty Bucket | 13.8 s | - | - |
Hydraulic System - Steering |
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| Steering System - Circuit | Pilot, load sensing | - | - |
| Steering System - Pump | Piston, variable displacement | - | - |
| Maximum Flow at 1,400 rpm | 96.2 gal/min | - | - |
| Relief Valve Setting - Steering | 5004 psi | - | - |
| Total Steering Angle | 70° | - | - |
Air Conditioning System |
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| Air Conditioning | • The air conditioning system on this machine contains the fluorinated greenhouse gas refrigerant R134a or R1234yf. See the label or instruction manual for identification of the gas. • If equipped with R134a (Global Warming Potential = 1430), the system c | The air conditioning system on this machine contains the flourinated greenhouse gas refrigerant R134a (Global Warming Potential = 1430). The system contains 1.9 kg of refrigerant which has a CO2 equivalent of 2.717 metric tonnes. | - |
Axles |
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| Front | Fixed | - | - |
| Rear | Trunnion | - | - |
| Oscillation Angle | 8.5° | - | - |
Brakes |
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| Brakes | ISO 3450: 2011 | - | - |
Service Refill Capacities |
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| Fuel Tank | 281 gal (US) | 51.5 gal (US) | - |
| Cooling System | 54.9 gal (US) | 8.5 gal (US) | - |
| Engine Crankcase | 20 gal (US) | 5.3 gal (US) | - |
| Transmission | 29.1 gal (US) | - | - |
| Differential - Final Drives - Front | 71.6 gal (US) | - | - |
| Differential - Final Drives - Rear | 68.9 gal (US) | - | - |
| Hydraulic System Factory Fill | 210 gal (US) | - | - |
| Hydraulic Tank - Implement and Hydraulic Fan | 68.9 gal (US) | - | - |
| Hydraulic Tank - Steering and Braking | 34.9 gal (US) | - | - |
| Note | Cat U.S. EPA Tier 4 Final/EU Stage V diesel engines are required to use ULSD (ultra-low sulfur diesel fuel with 15 ppm of sulfur or less) or ULSD blended with the following lower-carbon intensity fuels** up to: • 20% biodiesel FAME (fatty acid methyl este | - | - |
| Axles - Rear | - | 9.2 gal (US) | - |
| Axles - Front | - | 9.2 gal (US) | - |
| Transmission - Gear Box | - | 2.9 gal (US) | - |
| Hydraulic System - Including Tank | - | 44.9 gal (US) | - |
| Diesel Exhaust Fluid (DEF) Tank | - | 5 gal (US) | - |
| Hydraulic Tank | - | 23.8 gal (US) | - |
Sound Performance - Tier 4 Final / Stage V |
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| Operator Sound Pressure Level (ISO 6396:2008) | 72 dB(A) | - | - |
| Machine Sound Power Level (ISO 6395:2008) | 116 dB(A) | - | - |
| Operator Sound Pressure Level (ISO 6396:2008)* | 72 dB(A) | - | - |
| Machine Sound Power Level (ISO 6395:2008)* | 114 dB(A) | - | - |
| Note (1) | *Sound suppression equipped | - | - |
| Note (2) | The machine sound power level was measured according to ISO 6395:2008. The measurement was conducted at 70 percent of the maximum engine cooling fan speed. | - | - |
| Note (3) | The operator sound pressure level was measured according to ISO 6396:2008. The measurement was conducted at 70 percent of the maximum engine cooling fan speed. | - | - |
| Note (4) | Hearing protection may be needed when the machine is operated with a cab that is not properly maintained or when the doors or windows are open for extended periods or in a noisy environment. | - | - |
Sound Performance - Tier 2 |
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| Operator Sound Pressure Level (ISO 6396:2008) | 72 dB(A) | - | - |
| Machine Sound Power Level (ISO 6395:2008) | 116 dB(A) | - | - |
| Operator Sound Pressure Level (ISO 6396:2008)* | 72 dB(A) | - | - |
| Machine Sound Power Level (ISO 6395:2008)* | 114 dB(A) | - | - |
| Note (1) | *Sound suppression equipped | - | - |
| Note (2) | The machine sound power level was measured according to ISO 6395:2008. The measurement was conducted at 70 percent of the maximum engine cooling fan speed. | - | - |
| Note (3) | The operator sound pressure level was measured according to ISO 6396:2008. The measurement was conducted at 70 percent of the maximum engine cooling fan speed. | - | - |
| Note (4) | Hearing protection may be needed when the machine is operated with a cab that is not properly maintained or when the doors or windows are open for extended periods or in a noisy environment. | - | - |
Dimensions (Approximate) - Standard Lift Linkage |
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| Ground to Top of ROPS | 17.2 ft | - | - |
| Ground to Top of Exhaust Stacks | 16.6 ft | - | - |
| Ground to Top of Hood | 12.7 ft | - | - |
| Ground to Bumper Clearance | 3.5 ft | - | - |
| Rear Axle - Centerline to Bumper | 12.5 ft | - | - |
| Front Axle Centerline to Bucket Tip | 15.4 ft | - | - |
| Wheel Base | 15.1 ft | - | - |
| Maximum Overall Length | 42.9 ft | - | - |
| Ground to Lower Hitch Clearance | 2 ft | - | - |
| Ground to Center of Front Axle | 4.2 ft | - | - |
| Clearance at Maximum Lift | 7.2 ft | - | - |
| Rack Back Angle at Ground Level | 40.4° | - | - |
| Rack Back Angle at Carry | 48.8° | - | - |
| B-Pin Height - Maximum Lift | 19.7 ft | - | - |
| Maximum Overall Height - Bucket Raised | 27.2 ft | - | - |
| Rack Angle at Maximum Lift | 63.7° | - | - |
| Dump Angle at Maximum Lift | 45° | - | - |
| Reach - Maximum Lift | 7.2 ft | - | - |
| Note | Specifications are calculated with 9.0 m3 (11.8 yd3) rock bucket and Bridgestone 45/65R39 VSDL One Star tires. | - | - |
Dimensions (Approximate) - High Lift Linkage |
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| Ground to Top of ROPS | 17.2 ft | - | - |
| Ground to Top of Exhaust Stacks | 16.6 ft | - | - |
| Ground to Top of Hood | 12.7 ft | - | - |
| Ground to Bumper Clearance | 3.5 ft | - | - |
| Rear Axle - Centerline to Bumper | 12.5 ft | - | - |
| Front Axle Centerline to Bucket Tip | 17.8 ft | - | - |
| Wheel Base | 15.1 ft | - | - |
| Maximum Overall Length | 45.3 ft | - | - |
| Ground to Lower Hitch Clearance | 2 ft | - | - |
| Ground to Center of Front Axle | 4.2 ft | - | - |
| Clearance at Maximum Lift | 14.8 ft | - | - |
| Rack Back Angle at Ground Level | 39.9° | - | - |
| Rack Back Angle at Carry | 49.3° | - | - |
| B-Pin Height - Maximum Lift | 21.2 ft | - | - |
| Maximum Overall Height - Bucket Raised | 28.7 ft | - | - |
| Rack Angle at Maximum Lift | 60.6° | - | - |
| Dump Angle at Maximum Lift | 51° | - | - |
| Reach - Maximum Lift | 8.5 ft | - | - |
| Note | Specifications are calculated with 9.0 m3 (11.8 yd3) rock bucket and Bridgestone 45/65R39 VSDL One Star tires. | - | - |
Weights |
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| Operating Weight | - | 41794 lb | - |
| Operating Weight (1) | - | 17 258 kg (38,046 lb)** | - |
| Operating Weight (2) | - | 18 958 kg (41,794 lb)^ | - |
| Note (2) | - | ^Dimensions listed are for a machine configured with standard counterweights, waste guarding, rear waste gate, 80 kg (176 lb) operator, and new solid tires. | - |
| Note (1) | - | **Dimensions listed are for a machine configured with optional counterweights, waste guarding, 80 kg (176 lb) operator, and Michelin 20.5 R25 XMINE D2 tires. | - |
Buckets |
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| Bucket Capacities | - | 3.0-5.0 m3 (3.9-6.5 yd3) | - |
Cab |
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| ROPS | - | ISO 3471:2008 | - |
| FOPS | - | ISO 3449:2005 LEVEL II | - |
| Declared Sound Levels - Exterior Sound Power Level (ISO 6395:2008)* | - | 101 dB(A) | - |
| Note (1) | - | * Measurements were conducted at 70% of maximum engine cooling fan speed. Sound level may vary at different engine cooling fan speeds. The cab was properly installed and maintained. The measurements were conducted with the cab doors and the cab windows cl | - |
| Declared Sound Levels - Operator Sound Pressure Level (ISO 6396:2008)* | - | 68 dB(A) | - |
Loader Hydraulic System |
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| Maximum Flow - Implement Pump - 4th Function Maximum Flow* | - | 42 gal/min | - |
| Relief Pressure - Tilt Cylinder - 3rd and 4th Function Relief Pressure | - | 4351 psi | - |
| Relief Pressure - Tilt Cylinder | - | 4351 psi | - |
| Relief Pressure - Tilt Cylinder - 3rd and 4th Function Maximum Working Pressure | - | 4061 psi | - |
| Note (1) | - | Implement system uses a dedicated load sensing variable displacement pump with dual double acting lift cylinders and a single double acting tilt cylinder. | - |
| Maximum Flow - Implement Pump | - | 50 gal/min | - |
| Cycle Times - Performance (HP+) at 1,800 rpm/Standard Power Mode at 1,600 rpm - Raise (Ground Level to Maximum Lift) | - | 5.5/6.2 seconds | - |
| Note (2) | - | Flow values listed are for a machine running in Performance Power Mode (1,800 rpm). | - |
| Cycle Times - Performance (HP+) at 1,800 rpm/Standard Power Mode at 1,600 rpm - Total Cycle Time | - | 9.7/10.6 seconds | - |
| Maximum Working Pressure - Implement Pump | - | 4061 psi | - |
| Note (3) | - | * 3rd and 4th function flow is fully adjustable from 20% to 100% of maximum flow through the touch screen display when equipped. | - |
| Cycle Times - Performance (HP+) at 1,800 rpm/Standard Power Mode at 1,600 rpm - Float Down (Maximum Lift to Ground Level) | - | 2.7/2.7 seconds | - |
| Cycle Times - Performance (HP+) at 1,800 rpm/Standard Power Mode at 1,600 rpm - Dump (at Maximum Lift Height) | - | 1.5/1.7 seconds | - |
| Maximum Flow - Implement Pump - 3rd Function Maximum Flow* | - | 50 gal/min | - |
| Lift Cylinder: Standard Lift Linkage - Stroke | - | 31.1 in | - |
| Tilt Cylinder: Standard Lift Linkage - Rod Diameter | - | 3.5 in | - |
| Lift Cylinder: Standard Lift Linkage - Rod Diameter | - | 2.6 in | - |
| Tilt Cylinder: Standard Lift Linkage - Bore Diameter | - | 5.9 in | - |
| Lift Cylinder: Standard Lift Linkage - Bore Diameter | - | 4.7 in | - |
| Tilt Cylinder: Standard Lift Linkage - Stroke | - | 21.9 in | - |
Steering |
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| Maximum Steering Torque - 0° (Straight Machine) | - | 42506 ft·lbf | - |
| Maximum Steering Torque - 40° (Full Turn) | - | 31398 ft·lbf | - |
| Maximum Working Pressure - Steering Pump | - | 3500 psi | - |
| Steering Cycle Times - Full Left to Full Right - Maximum RPM: 90 rpm Steering Wheel Speed | - | 2.3 s | - |
| Steering Cylinder, Double Acting - Bore Diameter | - | 3.1 in | - |
| Steering Cylinder, Double Acting - Stroke | - | 15.7 in | - |
| Steering Cycle Times - Full Left to Full Right - Minimum RPM: Pump Flow Limited | - | 3.1 s | - |
| Note (1) | - | Steering system uses a dedicated load sensing variable displacement pump with dual double acting cylinders. | - |
| Steering Cylinder, Double Acting - Rod Diameter | - | 2 in | - |
| Maximum Flow - Steering Pump | - | 34 gal/min | - |
| Note (2) | - | Flow values listed are for a machine running in Performance Power Mode (1,800 rpm). | - |
Power Train |
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| Front Axle - Traction Aid | - | Locking differential | - |
| Note (1) | - | Power train is governed by the Caterpillar exclusive Intelligent Power Management system to deliver peak performance and efficiency. | - |
| Rear Axle | - | Oscillating | - |
| Note (3) | - | Differential front locking axle can be engaged on the go at full torque up to 20 km/h (12.4 mph) on the 938M. | - |
| Rear Axle - Oscillation Angle by Tire Size - 20.5 R25, 550/65, 600/65, 650/65 | - | ± 10.5 degrees | - |
| Rear Axle - Traction Aid - Optional | - | Limited slip differential | - |
| Rear Axle - Oscillation Angle by Tire Size - 23.5 R25 | - | ± 7 degrees | - |
| Brakes - Service | - | Inboard wet disc | - |
| Note (2) | - | Offset rims available to meet European roading requirements. | - |
| Brakes - Parking | - | Spring applied hydraulically released | - |
| Front Axle | - | Fixed | - |
| Rear Axle - Oscillation Angle by Tire Size - Solid Tires, 750/65, 620/65, Skidder | - | ± 7 degrees | - |
Sustainability |
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| Recyclability | - | 94% | - |
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